Fairly Distributed Assets

What was dilemma? 

We have to make number of each barrel type divisible by 3.

1.Two half-full barrels are poured into 1 empty barrel. So we left with 8 full, 5 half-empty & 8 empty barrels.

2.Again transfer two half-fulled barrels into 1 empty. Now we have 9 full, 3 half-empty & 9 empty barrels.

Now it can be evenly divided as 3 full, 1 half-empty & 3 empty barrels (hence wine) among 3 sons. 

Mislabeled Boxes of Marbles

Three closed boxes have either white marbles, black marbles or both and they are labeled white, black and both. However, you’re told that each of the labels are wrong. You may reach into one of the boxes and pull out only one marble. Which box should you remove a marble from to determine the contents of all three boxes? 

 Mislabeled !

Find here how it can be done!  

Source 

Correcting labels of Marble Boxes

How they were mislabeled? 

We should pick marble from a box labeled as 'Both'. Since it is incorrectly labeled it must content either all black or all white marbles.  After we know what it contains, we can identify the other 2 boxes by the process of elimination as below.

1. If the marble picked is BLACK, then obviously it is the box of black marbles. Two remaining boxes labelled as WHITE & BLACK are left. Since all labels are wrongly tagged the box tagged with WHITE must not be the box with all white marbles. It must contain both colors of marbles. And the one tagged as a BLACK must contain all white marbles.
 
Look at the figures below. In circle, labels are written & outside are the contents of the boxes. Arrows represents how the contents are rotated to make labels of the boxes wrong.

2. If the marble is WHITE, then obviously it is the box of white marbles. Two remaining boxes labelled as WHITE & BLACK are left. Since all labels are wrongly tagged the box tagged with BLACK must not be the box with all black marbles. It must contain both colors of marbles. And the one tagged as a WHITE must contain all BLACK marbles.

'The Wisest Son'

Once an old called his three sons. He gave them equal money and ask them to buy something that can fill their living room entirely. He told them that he will give all his money and property to the son who is able to do this task as asked.

The first son buys sticks and tries to fill the room but he falls short of sticks. The second son buys straw but he also falls short of filling the room. The third son buys only two things and he is able to fill the room completely and thus earns all the property and money.

What did he buy?

Here is what did he buy! 

Source